Archives for 5 February 2021

Special Note: The Great Backyard Bird Count is coming up next week!

Every Friday we invite you and your homeschool students to learn about a different group of North American birds in your recommended bird guide. It’s a great way to add a few minutes of informal science, geography, natural history, and imagination to your homeschool schedule throughout the year.

This week’s birds (two different families) are the Trogons (pages 302–303) and the Kingfishers (pages 304–305).

If you’re teaching younger children, the way to use these posts is just to treat your bird guide as a picture book and spend a few minutes each week looking at all the interesting birds they may see one day. With that, your little lesson is done.

If you have older students, one of your objectives should be to help them become fluent with a technical reference book that’s packed with information, the kind of book they will encounter in many different fields of study. Here’s how your bird guide introduces this week’s birds:

TROGONS — Family Trogonidae. Colorful tropical birds with short, broad bills. Species: 44 World, 2 N.A. [North America]

KINGFISHERS — Family Alcedinidae. Primarily an Old World family; only six species found in the New World. Stocky and short-legged, with a large head, a large bill. Look for kingfishers near woodland streams and ponds and in coastal areas. They hover over water or watch from low perches, then plunge headfirst to catch fish. With strong bill and feet, they dig nest burrows in stream banks. Species: 91 World, 4 N.A.

When you’re training your young naturalists, teach them to ask and answer from their bird guide some of the first questions any naturalist would ask about a new group — about the Kingfishers, for example. How many species? (91 worldwide.) Are there any near us? (4 species in North America, and the individual maps will give us more detail; you’ll see that only one species occurs across most of the United States.) What are their distinctive features? (Stocky with large head and large bill, catch fish by hovering and diving into streams, nest in burrows in stream banks, and so on.)

Pick a representative species or two to look at in detail each week and read the entry aloud, or have your students study it and then narrate it back to you, explaining all the information it contains. This week, for the Kingfisher family, why not investigate our one widespread American species: the Belted Kingfisher (page 302).

Watch this Belted Kingfisher in Texas dive into a small pond and come up with a fishy mouthful:

All sorts of biological information is packed into the brief species descriptions in your bird guide — can your students tease it out? How big is the Belted Kingfisher? (13 inches long.) What is its scientific name? (Megaceryle alcyon.) Will you be able to find this species where you live? At what times of year and in what habitat? (Study the range map and range description carefully to answer those questions, and see the book’s back flap for a map key. If you live in North America, Belted Kingfishers probably live somewhere near you.) Do the males and females look alike? The adults and juveniles? What song or call does this species make? How can you distinguish it from similar species? (The text and illustrations should answer all these questions.)

Kingfishers are found beside freshwater streams and ponds all across the country, but because they often spend long periods of time quietly perched watching the water, they are not all that conspicuous. They are frequently heard before they are seen because they regularly give a loud “rattle” call in flight, often as they are passing up or downstream. There’s many a time I have been out and about with Belted Kingfishers nearby, and I would never have spotted them if I hadn’t heard the rattle first.

You can do little ten-minute lessons of this kind with any of the species in your bird guide that catch your interest. Pick a species that is near you, or one that looks striking, or one that has a strange name, and explore. For example, in this week’s other family, the Trogons, take a look at the Elegant Trogon (page 302), a dramatic tropical bird that just barely makes it into the United States across the southwest border in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas.

In all these Friday Bird Families posts, our aim is not to present a specific set of facts to memorize. We hope instead to provide examples and starting points that you and your students can branch away from in many different directions. We also hope to show how you can help your students develop the kind of careful skills in reading, observation, and interpretation that they will need in all their future academic work.

What ornithological observations and naturalistical notes have you been making in your homeschool this Orion Term? 😊

❡ As kingfishers catch fire: The Common Kingfisher of Eurasia (Alcedo atthis) is the subject of one of our homeschool poems-of-the-week, Gerard Manley Hopkins’ famous religious sonnet “As Kingfishers Catch Fire.” 🖋

❡ Homeschool birds: We think bird study is one of the best subjects you can take up in a homeschool environment. It’s suitable for all ages, it can be made as elementary or as advanced as you wish, it can be made solitary or social, and birds can be found just about anywhere at any season of the year. Why not track your own homeschool bird observations on the free eBird website sponsored by Cornell University. It’s a great way to learn more about what’s in your local area and about how bird populations change from season to season. 🐦

❡ Enchiridion: The front matter in your bird guide (pages 6–13) explains a little bit about basic bird biology and about some of the technical terminology used throughout the book — why not have your students study it as a special project. Have them note particularly the diagrams showing the parts of a bird (pages 10–11) so they’ll be able to tell primaries from secondaries and flanks from lores. 🦉

❡ Words for birds: You may not think of your homeschool dictionary as a nature reference, but a comprehensive dictionary will define and explain many of the standard scientific terms you will encounter in biology and natural history, although it will not generally contain the proper names of species or other taxonomic groups that aren’t part of ordinary English. (In other words, you’ll find “flamingo” but not Phoenicopterus, the flamingo genus.) One of the most important things students should be taught to look for in the dictionary is the information on word origins: knowing the roots of scientific terms makes it much easier to understand them and remember their meaning. 📖

❡ Come, here’s the map: Natural history and geography are deeply interconnected. One of the first questions you should teach your students to ask about any kind of animal or plant is, “What is its range? Where (in the world) does it occur?” Our recommended homeschool reference library includes an excellent world atlas that will help your students appreciate many aspects of biogeography, the science of the geographical distribution of living things. 🌎

❡ Nature notes: This is one of our regular Friday Bird Families posts for homeschool naturalists. Print your own copy of our River Houses Calendar of American Birds and follow along with us! You can also add your name to our free weekly mailing list to get great homeschool teaching ideas delivered right to your mailbox all through the year. 🐦 🦉 🦆 🦃 🦅