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The year has run its course, and the days that have passed will never come again. Should we remember them, or let them go? Our final homeschool poem-of-the-week for this last week of December is one of Scotland’s gifts to the world: “Auld Lang Syne” by Robert Burns (1759โ1796). Burns wrote many of his poems in the Scots dialect of English, and you can use “Auld Lang Syne” to teach a few simple lessons about language to your students this week.
Here’s Scottish singer-songwriter Dougie MacLean (b.ย 1954) singing Burns’ lyrics to the traditional tune they were written for, in a voice that Burns would have recognized:
“Auld Lang Syne” has entered true folk-song territory at this point in history, and thousands of performers have felt free to revise, adjust, and rewrite the words as they please (often without quite understanding what they mean). But MacLean’s performance is quite close to Burns’ original text, which looks like this (with links to the authoritative Dictionary of the Scots Language):
Auld Lang Syne
Should auld acquaintance be forgot,
ย ย ย and never brought to mind?
Should auld acquaintance be forgot,
ย ย ย and auld lang syne?For auld lang syne, my dear,
ย ย ย for auld lang syne,
We’ll tak’ a cup o’ kindness yet,
ย ย ย for auld lang syne.We twa hae run about the braes,
ย ย ย and pu’d the gowans fine;
But we’ve wander’d mony a weary fit,
ย ย ย sin’ auld lang syne. (Chorus.)We twa hae paidl’d in the burn,
ย ย ย frae morning sun till dine;
But seas between us braid hae roar’d
ย ย ย sin’ auld lang syne. (Chorus.)And there’s a hand, my trusty fiere!
ย ย ย and gie’s a hand o’ thine!
And we’ll tak’ a right gude-willie waught,
ย ย ย for auld lang syne. (Chorus.)
Is it English? Well, yes and no. If you send your students to your recommended family dictionary (riverhouses.org/books) to look up “Scots” they’ll be able to report that it is “the language traditionally spoken by people living in the Lowlands of Scotland. Scots is sometimes classified as a variety of English, and sometimes as a separate language” (page 1573). And therein lies a tiny lesson.
All languages vary โ from person to person, from place to place, and from time to time. The more distinctive (and usually regional) variants are called dialects, and they arise when communities of speakers are more or less isolated from each other and so develop their own distinctive pronunciations, vocabulary, and syntax. If the isolation continues long enough, dialects become separate languages: French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian were, a thousand or more years ago, all regional dialects of Latin.
And that family tree of languages extends still further back in time. If you open the back cover of your dictionary you’ll see a beautiful chart of the whole Indo-European language family โ the group to which Latin and the Romance languages belong, along with English and its Germanic relatives, the Gaelic languages, the Scandinavian languages, ancient and modern Greek, Persian, Hindi, and more.
English โ just one twig on that vast Indo-European tree โ varies greatly around the world today, and Scots English is one of its oldest and most distinctive dialects, one that traces its history back into the late Middle Ages. Auld Lang Syne literally means Old Long Since โ in other words, the days of long ago. Here’s my own fairly close translation of Burns’ Scots English into standard modern English:
Days of Long Ago
Should our old friendships be forgot,
ย ย ย and never brought to mind?
Should our old friendships be forgot,
ย ย ย and the days of long ago?For the days of long ago, my dear,
ย ย ย for the days of long ago,
We’ll drink a toast to kindness yet,
ย ย ย for the days of long ago.We two once ran along the hills,
ย ย ย and picked the daisies fine;
But we’ve wandered many a weary foot
ย ย ย since those days of long ago. (Chorus.)We two once paddled in the streams,
ย ย ย from morning sun till eve;
But seas between us broad have roared
ย ย ย since those days of long ago. (Chorus.)So here’s a hand, my trusty friend,
ย ย ย and give us a hand of thine!
And we’ll take a hearty good-will drink,
ย ย ย for the days of long ago. (Chorus.)
MacLean’s peaceful version above is just right for a family circle. But people today know “Auld Lang Syne” best from the thousands of public performances it receives at New Year’s Eve celebrations all around the world. He’s “Auld Lang Syne” in that grand style in London, by popular violinist and conductor Andrรฉ Rieu (b.ย 1949) and his Johann Strauss Orchestra โ it’s aย beautiful version to play for your students as the year comes to a close:
What wonderful words, poetical productions, and musical masterpieces will you be studying in your homeschool in the year ahead? ๐
โกโ We’ve wandered many a weary foot: If a special line or turn of phrase happens to strike you in one of our weekly poems, just copy it onto your homeschool bulletin board for a few days and invite your students to speak it aloud โ that’s all it takes to begin a new poetical friendship and learn a few lovely words that will stay with you for life.
โกโ Here, said the year: This post is one of our regular homeschool poems-of-the-week. Add your name to our River Houses mailing list (riverhouses.org/newsletter) to get posts like these delivered right to your mailbox, and print your own River Houses Poetry Calendar (riverhouses.org/calendars) to follow along with us as we visit forty-eight of our favorite friends over the course of the year. ๐
Not everyone gets to spend Christmas Day sitting around a cozy fire with family and friends. On this holiday, why not invite your students to remember all the hard working people who might like to be at home and warm, but who are instead out keeping our world running โ police officers, fire fighters, hospital workers, snow plow drivers, and many others, including sailors at sea.
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